Multiple time-lapse photographic "redoxes" of trains, with composite layers and distortions, manipulated in painterly form. A contemporary abstract expression that evokes the scale and gravity of mid-century canvases from afar. A "redox blemish" is a metallic reaction that abrades the film emulsion -- much like smearing and re-working layers of oil paint -- as colored spots that grow and erode the surface. Brooklyn and Manhattan.